VLEK R (2005) Tawny Pipit Anthus campestris as a breeding bird of the Dutch coastaldunes, 1828-1927. LIMOSA 78 (1): 15-20.

This paper reviews the historical documentation with regard to breeding of Tawny Pipit along the Dutch coast in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Its habitat was mainly restricted to coastal dunes with large areas of driftsand. Core areas were the mainland dunes of the provinces of South- and North-Holland between The Hague and Haarlem, and the Wadden Sea islands, especially Texel. Due to increasing attempts to consolidate the Dutch coastline and drifting sanddunes by the planting of Marram Grass Ammophila arenaria and coniferous woods, the area of coastal driftsand dunes diminished considerably. In addition, increasing human recreational activities may have been a cause in the final disappearance of the species as a breeding bird in the Dutch dunes, between 1925 and 1935. Tawny Pipit Anthus campestris

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