LEBRET T (1974) Environmental dynamics as a factor of the habitat of a number of bird species. LIMOSA 47 (3): 100-120.

In a recent publication on the wild vegetation of the Netherlands much attention has been given to environmental dynamics. It seems there~ore worthwhile to investigate if environmental dynamics are also important as a factor of the distribution of birds. For 69 bird species of the Dutch list the role of various forms of environmental dynamics is shortly described. This paper is a first attempt to study these relations and only the most striking forms of environmental dynamics are mentioned. Further study seems worthwhile. In some cases (Cormorant, Grey-Lag Goose, Mute Swan, Coot, gulls) birds are a source of environmental dynamics themselves by their feeding or by concentration of excrements. Environmental dynamics are most powerful in the initial stage of a process of landformation e.g. by tide and sediment or in case of fresh water swamps. In both cases the rate and power of environmental dynamics are gradually slowing down and the role of ungulates gradually replaces that of abiotic factors. Dam building by Beavers may have been very important in the Netherlands under natural conditions Great Crested Grebe Podiceps cristatus Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo Grey Heron Ardea cinerea Purple Heron Ardea purpurea Black-crowned Night Heron Nycticorax nycticorax Little Bittern Ixobrychus minutus Eurasian Bittern Botaurus stellaris White Stork Ciconia ciconia Eurasian Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterus roseus Mallard Anas platyrhynchos Common Teal Anas crecca Eurasian Wigeon Anas penelope Common Pochard Aythya ferina Goosander Mergus merganser Red-breasted Merganser Mergus serrator Common Shelduck Tadorna tadorna Greylag Goose Anser anser Greater White-fronted Goose Anser albifrons Pink-footed Goose Anser brachyrhynchus = Anser fabalis brachyrhynchus Dark-bellied Brent Goose Branta bernicla Barnacle Goose Branta leucopsis Mute Swan Cygnus olor Bewick's Swan Cygnus bewickii Common Buzzard Buteo buteo Western Marsh Harrier Circus aeruginosus Eurasian Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus Merlin Falco columbarius Common Kestrel Falco tinnunculus Black Grouse Lyrurus tetrix Grey Partridge Perdix perdix Water Rail Rallus aquaticus Spotted Crake Porzana porzana Corn Crake Crex crex Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus Eurasian Coot Fulica atra Eurasian Oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus Northern Lapwing Vanellus vanellus Common Ringed Plover Charadrius hiaticula Little Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius Kentish Plover Charadrius alexandrinus Common Snipe Gallinago gallinago Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa Common Redshank Tringa totanus Ruff Philomachus pugnax Pied Avocet Recurvirostra avosetta European Golden Plover Pluvialis apricaria European Herring Gull Larus argentatus European Herring Gull Larus argentatus Black-headed Gull Chroicocephalus ridibundus = Larus ridibundus Black Tern Chlidonias niger Sandwich Tern Thalasseus sandvicensis = Sterna sandvicensis Common Tern Sterna hirundo Little Tern Sternula albifrons = Sterna albifrons Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis Eurasian Skylark Alauda arvensis Horned Lark Eremophila alpestris Sand Martin Riparia riparia White Wagtail Motacilla alba Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea Blue-headed Wagtail Motacilla flava Bearded Reedling Panurus biarmicus Common Reed Bunting Emberiza schoeniclus Snow Bunting Plectrophenax nivalis

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