KOOPMAN K (1988) The migration of Dutch Common Gulls Larus canus. LIMOSA 61 (3): 125-132.

Common Gull Larus canus canus This paper deals with the migration of Common Gulls hatched in the Netherlands. The most important wintering areas are the Netherlands, Belgium, France, and England. In their first year a minority winters as far as the Iberian peninsula. First year birds are recovered at greatest distances, adults at shortest distances, and subadults in between. Winter recoveries of first year birds from abroad are mainly from the Continent, those of adults mainly from England. In the breeding season adult birds are recovered mainly in the neighbourhood of the birth colony, over 90% even within 60 km. However, a few birds were recovered at much larger distances. One bird was recovered as a breeding bird at a distance of 307 km from the birth colony. Common Gulls ringed as pullus in FR Germany, migrate on average almost two to three times further in southern and western directions than gulls hatched in the Netherlands. This parallels the general idea that there is an increasing proportion of migrating birds in the European population. going from west to east.

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