OSIECK ER (1976) The occurrence of the Arctic Redpoll Carduelis hornemanni in 1972. LIMOSA 49 (1): 100-106.

Arctic Redpoll Carduelis hornemanni This paper gives a survey of the records of the Arctic Redpoll Carduelis hornemanni in the Netherlands during an invasion of Mealy Redpolls Carduelis flammea flammea. Seven records have been accepted (Table I) including five trappings, one bird found dead (Castricum) and one sight record (Schiermonnikoog). The wing length of the birds handled (Table 1) indicate that they belong to the race exilipes. Three more records were rejected either because the description was imcomplete, the bird was possibly partially albinistic or the bird was considered to be an intermediate between Carduelis hornemanni exilipes and Carduelis jlammea jlammea. Such intermediates haven been found in many places and one may consider them as hybrids or as plumage extremes in the variation of flammea or exilipes, The species problem is discussed and it is concluded that for practical reasons it is best to consider Carduelis hornemanni and Carduelisjlammea as separate species.

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