PERDECK AC (1963) Annual Report of the Vogeltrekstation for 1962. LIMOSA 36 (3): 129-137.

The displacement experiment with Starlings to Spain was closed with the transport of 1100 birds. Attention is drawn to the recoveries of adult birds, showing a clear tendency to fly back to the original winterquarter (fig. 1, dots). The recoveries of juveniles in late winter and spring indicate that spring migration is directed to ENE. This point to a parallel course to the original migration route in stead of a homing tendency. On the fowling-yard near The Hague nearly 5500 birds were ringed. One Arctic Redpoll (Carduelis hornemanni) was caught (Nov. 6th). Under the Dutch ringing scheme at least 70000 birds were ringed and 3200 recoveries obtained. Observations on the standard direction of the Scandinavian chaffinch were continued in Norway. At a suitable point near Kristiansand seaward migration in predominantly S by W direction was observed (fig. 2). Near Oslo broad front migration was observed mainly in the directions S by Wand SSW. There is no doubt that the standard direction in Scandinavia is about Sby W. All directions observed up till now are shown in fig. 3. ##### Common Starling Sturnus vulgaris Common Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs Common Linnet Carduelis cannabina Eurasian Tree Sparrow Passer montanus Eurasian Siskin Carduelis spinus European Greenfinch Carduelis chloris Brambling Fringilla montifringilla Twite Carduelis flavirostris Common Reed Bunting Emberiza schoeniclus Fieldfare Turdus pilaris Mealy Redpoll Carduelis flammea White Wagtail Motacilla alba

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