CAVË AJ (1961) The breeding-birds of Eastern Flevoland in 1958-1960. LIMOSA 34 (3): 231-251.

In this paper a list is given of observations of breedIng-birds of Eastern Flevoland during the years 1958-1960 as well as a discussion of the development of the breeding-bird? population during those years. A number of bird-species settled already during dike-building along the dam of the future polder Eastern Flevoland (TEN KATE, 4. 5. 6; TEN KATE, V. D. BERG and KORIDON. 10). After the dike has been closed the pumping out could be started and resulted in the emergence of the water in june 1957. In that year already 31 species of breeding-birds inhabited Eastern Flevoland. The specie& oystercatcher, kentish plover, lapwing, avocet, common tern, black-headed gull and perhaps the shelduck invaded in 1957 the area drained dry (TEN KATE and v. D. BERG, 9). One year later - in 1958 - the number of breeding birds, included those which are supposed to be such, amounted to 42 species. Of these species 26 inhabited the area drained dry. In the two following years 52 and 49 species resp. of breedingbirds could be observed. In 1959 39 species were observed in the area drained dry: while in 1960 only 36 species were noticed. In 1957 the vegetation at the area recently emerged from the water was lacking or poorly developped. Supported by the sowing of reeds in 1957 and 1958, the vegetation became more and more luxuriant. In relation to the development of the vegetation, birds of bare breeding-grounds were most common in the first years after draining dry. In later years suitable nesting-grounds for these species became scarce. Species like terns, plovers and avocet, breeding in 1958 at a variety of breeding-sites were found only at a few places in 1959 and especially in 1960 as result of the scarcety of suitable breeding-grounds. On the other hand birds preferring more vegetated breeding-sites became more numerous during those years. Birds breeding in cultivated land, wooded area, or finding their nesting-sites at or in human dwelling, became more and more numerous during the proceeding of reclamation. During the period described in this paper three species not yet noticed as a breeding-bird in the IJsselmeer-polders before, were observed: the gull-billed tern in 1958 (TEN KATE, 7), the gadwall in 1959 (TEN KlTE, 8) and the hen harrier in 1960. Probably the same can be remarked about the little owl in 1959 and 1960. This species was repeatedly observed at one of the development-farms during these seasons. In april of 1961 a nest 'with eggs was found. ##### Mallard Anas platyrhynchos Garganey Anas querquedula Gadwall Anas strepera Northern Pintail Anas acuta Northern Shoveler Anas clypeata Common Shelduck Tadorna tadorna Western Marsh Harrier Circus aeruginosus Hen Harrier Circus cyaneus Common Kestrel Falco tinnunculus Grey Partridge Perdix perdix Common Pheasant Phasianus colchicus Water Rail Rallus aquaticus Spotted Crake Porzana porzana Corn Crake Crex crex Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus Eurasian Coot Fulica atra Eurasian Oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus Northern Lapwing Vanellus vanellus Common Ringed Plover Charadrius hiaticula Little Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius Kentish Plover Charadrius alexandrinus Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa Common Redshank Tringa totanus Ruff Philomachus pugnax Pied Avocet Recurvirostra avosetta Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus European Herring Gull Larus argentatus Gull-billed Tern Gelochelidon nilotica Common Tern Sterna hirundo Black-headed Gull Chroicocephalus = Larus ridibundus Little Tern Sternula albifrons Sandwich Tern Thalasseus sandvicensis = Sterna sandvicensis Stock Dove Columba oenas European Turtle Dove Streptopelia turtur Barn Owl Tyto alba Little Owl Athene noctua Long-eared Owl Asio otus Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus Eurasian Skylark Alauda arvensis Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica Common House Martin Delichon urbicum White Wagtail Motacilla alba Blue-headed Wagtail Motacilla flava Winter Wren Troglodytes troglodytes Common Blackbird Turdus merula Savi's Warbler Locustella luscinioides Great Reed Warbler Acrocephalus arundinaceus European Reed Warbler Acrocephalus scirpaceus Marsh Warbler Acrocephalus palustris Sedge Warbler Acrocephalus schoenobaenus Icterine Warbler Hippolais icterina Garden Warbler Sylvia borin Common Whitethroat Sylvia communis Willow Warbler Phylloscopus trochilus Common Reed Bunting Emberiza schoeniclus Common Linnet Carduelis cannabina House Sparrow Passer domesticus Common Starling Sturnus vulgaris Carrion Crow Corvus corone Eurasian Magpie Pica pica

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